Improved nut-machine



A. SCHWEBEL.

Nut Machine.

W 2 y m Mg 3 m A m f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADAM SCHWVEBEL, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVED NUT-MACHINE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 69,256, dated September24, 1867.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ADAM SoHwEBEL, of thecity and county of New Haven, in the State of Connecticut, have inventedcertain new and useful Machinery for Making Forged Nuts 5 and thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of thisspecification, in which Figure 1 represents a plan or top view of themachine, showing the double-acting working parts right and left. Fig. 2represents a longitudinal side elevation of the machine, the left-handportion of one side being broken off, showing a sectional view of theworking mechanism. Fig. 3 is a detached view of a cross-section, showinga face view of the crowning dies to form the faces of the nuts. Fig. atshows a detached view of a broken-off section through the mechanism forholding and turning the nuts for hammering the edges.

The object of my invention is to make forged iron nuts of all theordinary sizes required in the various arts and manufactures, and finishthem uniformly in the most perfect manner, and with the greatestfacility.

My invention consists in the construction, arrangement, and combinationof the mechanism hereinafter described, both in matters of detail,mechanical movements, and operation, referring to the'drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked thereon.

The same letters .or characters indicate the like parts of the machinein all of the figures.

In constructing my engine or improved machine for making forged nuts Iuse the best quality of iron and steel.

The side pieces or longitudinal portion of the frame, A A, are made fromone pattern of cast-iron, and are supported at the ends on four legs, BB, under frames or cross pieces C C, which may be of any desired length,in proportion to the required width of the machine, for making twelve,eighteen, twentyfour, or more nuts at one and the same time.

In the center of the engine, on the top of the side pieces, A A, issecured a straight bar of iron or steel, to a, to form a rest or supportfor the bar of iron from which the nuts are cut and forged. On each sideof this center bar, a, are movable frames D D, in whichare fitted andsecured by screws a series of cutting dies, 0 c c 0, they being soarranged in relation to each other, and their movement right and left,so that they alternately form dies and punches, cutting the bar clear,without waste.

Each of the dies 0 c c 0, having a round hole in the center of its face,forms the matrix, into which the punches (Z (Z (Z d enter as they punchthe round holes in the center of the nuts, which is done at the sametime that the nuts are cut from the bar, there being an opening on theunder side of each of the dies 0 c c c to let the scrap fall out.

The nuts, as they are cut and punched through the center, are retainedon the round punches d d d (I, then in the spaces between the diepunches c c c c, which are narrowed back of the cutting-faces, so thatthe nuts are free to be lifted out of their places by the action of thesemi-rotating bars E E, to which the punches d d d d are attached, sothat the nuts are carried over on the punches and placed in position onthe crowningdie bars F F, to be taken off onto the spindles ffff, wherethey are held and turned for compressing, hammering, and finishing.

The frame D, to which the cutting-dies c c c c and the semi-rotating barE are secured to operate, have long guide-bars G G resting on the top ofboth sides of the frame or longitudinal side pieces, A A, and are workedby the cams g g, between the double bearings of the journals jj, on themain operating-shafts H H, at both ends of the machine, as seen in Fig.1, where one of the caps J J J is removed, the power for cutting andpunching the nuts being applied to the bars Gr G by the cams g g,- andthe withdrawing movement is effected by the rock shafts I I and cams h hon the shafts H H, on the outside of the frame. On the top of the sidesA A are fitted two other sliding frames, K K, with guide-bars 75 k, thesame being operated by the cams Z Z, made with cams g g on the shafts HH. These motions are for the purpose of compressing the nuts into theconcave recesses 2' i Mof the the crowning-dies F F, to round thecorners and finish the faces of the nuts, and also to discharge themfrom the spindles f f when completed.

Between the longitudinal side pieces, A A, are fitted other slidingframes, M M, on which is mounted the series of spindles f f ff, theybeing provided with pinions m m m m and racks L L, the same beingoperated by levers N N and cams 'n n on the shafts H H, so that the nutswill be turned one-fourth over, right and left, as the four sides arebeing compressed or hammered for finishing, the sliding frames M M beingoperated by cams O O on the end shafts, H H, and held back by springs 00, attached to the cross-pieces O O.

The crowning-die bars F F are made to slide up after the nuts have beenremoved from the punches d d d (1 onto the spindles ff f f, so that theconcave recesses i z i i are centrally with the nuts. These movementsare effected by the rock shaft P and levers p p, and cam Q on theopposite end of the shaft H, and the spiral springs q q in the centerunderneath.

For compressing or hammering the edges of the nuts square, after theyare placed on the spindles ff f f, I use long heavy flat bars or platesR R, the width of the inside of the frame, one of 'them being above andthe other below the series of the nuts as they are in a position to beturned and finished; the hammers R It being held in position andoperated by the vertical sliding bars 0* r M", so connected withrock-shafts S S that when put in motion by the lever s by the cogs t ton the periphery of the wheel T, the force of the blows is applied tothe bottom and top edges of the nuts at the same instant, they beingalternately turned automatically right and left between each blow untilfinished, when the spindles f f f f are withdrawn, and the nuts aredischarged underneath.

The automatic movements given to the punches at d d d for reversing theface side of the nuts after they are cut out by the diepunches c c c c,and placing them in the position to be forged and finished in the mannerabove described, are somewhat intricate and not easily defined.

The broken-off section of one side of the machine, as seen in Fig. 2,shows one-half of the mechanism, which consists of loose cams U U on thecentral bottom shaft, u, to which chains or wire cords V V are attachedand pass under small pulleys o 1;, one on the outside, the other on theinside, of the pulley, and extend up to and take a half-turn around thesemi-rotating shaft or bars E E, so as to turn them the reverse way,either right or left, at the same time, the motion being effected by thecams W, on the center of the shaft u, acting on the rock shafts X in thecenter of the machine above, the arm 10 being connected by a couplingbar, ac, to the loose cam U. There being duplicates of this portion ofthe mechanism to reverse the position of the punches d d d d on bothsides of the frame, produces the automatic movements both ways in theirproper course.

To hold the bar of iron from which the nuts are cut firmly upon the resta a, I arrange a follower, Y, suspended to the arms 3 y of a rock-shaft,Y, so that it is not in the way of placing the heated bar in the machinebetween the face of the cutting-dies.

The first movement of the machine is to bring the edge of the follower Yonto the bar by the action of the lever Z, on the outside of the frame,and rod 2, which connects the lever Z with the rockshaft Y, by a pin,db, on the inside of one of the series of spur gear-wheels 1, 2 2, 3 3,which connects the mechanism and produces the harmonious automaticmovements, rightand left, of the entire machine.

The sliding frames, which have their support on the longitudinal sidepieces, A A, and the cams which operate them and other portions of theworking mechanism into which extraneous matter might be liable to get towear or obstruct the working of the machine, I cover with the caps J Jand A A.

- It will readily be seen that in my improved engine or machine formaking forged nuts, as above described, any number of cutting-dies andpunches may be used, according to the size of the nuts, the thickness ofthe metal used for them, and the width and capacity of the machine,which does not require any more cam or other movements to forge fiftynuts than it would to make five, in the same perfeet manner.

Having thus fully described my invention and its mode of operation, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. The combination of the two series of cutting-dies c c with the movingframes D D,

when arranged and made to operate as described.

2. I claim the combination of the two series of cutting-dies, the seriesof punches, and the semi-rotating shafts, arranged as described, withany suitable means for rotating said shafts, in the manner and for thepurposes set forth.

3. I claim the combination of the sliding frame D, semi-rotating shaftE, and series of punches, arranged and operating substantially asdescribed.

4. 1 claim the combination of the series of punches d d with the seriesof spindles f f, and means, substantially as herein described, fortransferring the nuts from the punches to the spindles. Y

5. I claim the combination of the crowningdie plate F, made asdescribed, with recesses in its upper edges for the reception of thepunches, with the sliding frame K and spindles f f, substantially as setforth.

6. I claim the combination of the rock-shaft Y and frame y y with therest a and means for causing said frame y y to descend and hold the barfrom which the nuts are to be cut, substantially as described.

7. I claim the combination of the oscillating semi rotating shafts E E,for operating the and vertically sliding plates R It, operated samealternately right and left, in the manner substantially as described,with the series of herein described, for the purposes specified.spindles ff, as and for the purposes set forth. ADAM SOHVVEBEL.

S. I claim the combination of the cam rock- Witnesses: shaft, convertingbar co, loose cams w w, pul- L. E. OSBORN, leys v v, and chains V V orcords with the H. J. GAYLRED.

